Egypt and Mesopotamia Essay

Most societies that developed in ancient civilizations were centered around their belief systems. The Egyptians and the Mesopotamians were no different in this sense. Both civilizations were polytheistic and built elaborate temples to praise their gods. Additionally, the leaders in both regions were believed to be related to the gods because of the great power they held and the wealth under their control. However, the Mesopotamians had a pessimistic outlook on life because of the unpredictability of their environment. The Egyptians, on the other hand, had an optimistic outlook because the Nile River inundated their region regularly, which could be predicted by the stars. The similarities and differences in the religions of these two regions may be attributable to the relative geographical isolationism of the two areas, which allowed them to develop without the influence of outside cultures. Both ancient cultures built sophisticated monuments to praise their gods. The Egyptians constructed a vast network of impressive temples to honor their many gods, each of which had an elite staff of priests whose job was to care for the temple and the gods. One of the most prominent temples was Abu Simbel, which was carved out of the side of a cliff and had four giant statues of Ramses, the â€Å"Alexander the Great† of Egypt, guarding the entrance. Another notable example was the mortuary temple of King Khufu at Giza, which had polished limestone floors and ornately painted columns. The Mesopotamians built ziggurats to glorify their gods, which were considered â€Å"stairways to heaven.† One of the most famous ziggurats was the enormous, complex structure built at Ur which reached up to almost 100 feet. It was erected to honor the moon goddess Nanna, the divine patron of the city state. The gods were central to both cultures and, as a result, much time was devoted to constructing and maintaining their monuments. The importance of the gods in their cultures was also reflected in their political structure. Both societies believed that their leaders were somehow related to their gods. The Egyptians believed that their pharaohs were the reincarnation of the sun god Re, the chief god who held the most power of all of the gods. This was believed because the pharaohs had immense power, governed huge areas of lands, and controlled vast resources such as gold and slaves. The pharaohs also elevated their status by building huge structures to the gods that seemed to transcend their earthly life, such as the pyramids and temples. The pharaohs used ordinary Egyptians to build the pyramids, not slaves, because the Egyptians wanted to please the god king so they would be guaranteed a place in the afterlife. The pharaohs also conquered thousands of square miles of land through military victories which seemed almost impossible for mere mortals. Similarly, the Mesopotamian kings were believed to be the sons of gods. The god the kings were related to depended on the city state’s main god, which was usually Anu. The king was also the chief priest which continued the relationship, keeping them close to the gods. The kings took on massive public works projects as well as military conquests which further cemented this belief. Because of the importance of the gods to these societies, their leaders were raised to a â€Å"godly† status as a reflection of their significance and as a result of their many accomplishments, which also gave the people a more tangible connection to the gods. While both societies honored their gods and saw their leaders related to the gods, the Mesopotamians had a pessimistic outlook on life because they believed that the actions of their gods were unforeseeable while the Egyptians had an optimistic outlook on life because they believed their gods were predictable. The Mesopotamians beliefs arose because their region had an unstable environment. The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers often overflowed their banks in flash floods, ruining farmland and houses as well as killing people and livestock. The environment also varied when they had droughts that led to famines and then regular rainfall which gave them food surpluses. In addition, the major factor that ended this civilization was the environmental decline because of over farming which led to an ecological disaster that still plagues this region to this day. The Egyptians, on the other hand, believed that their gods were predictable because their environment was very unsurprising. They could forecast the inundation of the Nile River by looking at the stars. As a result, they believed the gods were telling them things through the stars. Therefore, their priests often looked to the heavens for answers, blending science into their religion and resulting in a certain amount of control over their lives. But because everything that happened was attributed to the gods, the outlook on life for both societies was closely linked to the region they lived and the problems that were encountered. The gods were central to both Egyptian and Mesopotamian societies. The architecture of both regions reflected the religious symbols that were instrumental to the faith of the people. The leaders in both societies were considered to be related to the gods because of the amazing structures they built and the accomplishments they achieved. Finally, the perception of life was determined by environmental factors that shaped the peoples view of how their gods treated them. At the heart of their religions, the Egyptians and Mesopotamians were focused on pleasing their gods so that they would be rewarded and anything bad that happened was attributed to not satisfying the gods. Unaffected by outside influences, these civilizations shared many similarities in how their religions shaped their cultures but also had differences which arose from the impact of their geographical location.

Catfish and Mandala Essay

Andrew Pham, author of Catfish and Mandala, is on a journey of self-exploration. Family dysfunction, the illusions of the past, and the inability to move forward and find meaning to life when living between two cultures, are all catalysts’ for Pham return Vietnam. Contrary to being welcomed with open arms, Andrew is referred to as Viet-kieu when he is in Vietnam, a derogatory term meaning Vietnamese-American. Vietnamese people feel that the Viet-kieu abandoned everything about their culture when transplanted to America. This is an additional layer to the struggles Andrew faces. Andrew’s life is fractured into many pieces. His family is plagued with deep-seated hostility and trauma that developed long before his birth. From the abuse his father endured as a child and then transferred to his own children, the family decay after the Vietnam War, and the displacement of his family to America, Andrew has no sense of identity. Andrew is troubled with the duality of being Vietnamese and American and feels if he returns to Vietnam he will find meaning for his life. He does not assimilate to either culture and his anxiety grows as he tries to find a place to belong. Pham reminisces on his childhood, and includes deep memories of his other family members as well. The fissure in his family stems from the physical abuse and inability for the entire family to merge the two cultures and adapt together. The damage from the violence moves like a virus through the family, branching off and taking victim after victim. Chi-Minh, Andrew’s transsexual brother, cannot rise above the hardship and kills himself. Through out the book, Andrew goes back and forth giving the reader insight into Chi-Minh conflicts. Andrew never moves past Chi-Minh’s death and writes about his last moments with his brother,† It was my season of unraveling. And his as well. I couldn’t remember all, what he said. Nor what I said. Maybe he wished I’d said something. And I him. Perhaps we should have shared our troubled hearts. But in the end – My long-staying memory – I heard only the wavering catch in his voice† (334). Pham regrets not being able to open his heart to Chi-Minh, and overcome the emotional disconnect of the Vietna mese culture. Chi-Minh struggles to maintain a healthy existence and find life meaning. Sex change aside, Andrew blames the Vietnam War, family dysfunction and abuse, and a forced move to America as reasons for Chi-Minh’s short life and suicide. He draws parallels between his own struggles and Chi-Minh’s inability to create a life in America. The trauma of Chi-Minh’s death is an emotional vehicle for Andrew’s bike journey to Vietnam. As Children, Andrew and Chi were brutally beaten by their father. Even as a teenager, Chi survived a dreadful caning that resulted in her running away. Later, Andrew’s father recants his temper and wishes he could have â€Å"been more like an American father† because â€Å"They know how to cherish their children† (320). Andrew watches his own father struggle with being Vietnamese in an American society. He was use to a father who had a â€Å"survival instinct† and â€Å"refused victimization† (321). His brothers are homosexual, this is a point of embarrassment for Andrews father. Andrew tries to explain how they are successful and happy, but the definition of successful and happy are vastly different in the two countries, with his father being â€Å"Old-World† (321). Andrew realizes his entire family has trouble converging Vietnamese and American cultures and he is not the only victim of the abusive and dysfunctional life. In his preparation to bike across Vietnam and absorb the country that he believes keeps the roots of his existence; he is unaware of the drastic changes since the Vietnam War. Andrew remembers Vietnam through the eyes of a child and the memories are mostly happy and quite biased. Pham’s illusion of the past leads him to an emotional awakening while traveling and he compares current-day Vietnam to a prostitute. Vietnam has been reduced t o poverty in most places. Andrew remarks, â€Å"Saigon was thick with almsfolk, every market, every street corner, maggoty with misshapen men and women hawking their open sores and puss-yellow faces for pennies† (106). Although his description is putrid, Andrew weeps for the poor. Having sympathy for the impoverished is an American way of thinking, and this is a point of shame for his family that he stays with in Vietnam. Crying is seen as weakness in men. The reader sees the internal struggle that continues as Andrew tries to â€Å"be Vietnamese† or to â€Å"be American†. Andrew is repulsed by the cold hearts of his Vietnamese family members, and then ashamed for having ill feelings against his family. Andrew believed he would find his identity with the Vietnamese people and his life would move forward with strong meaning and purpose. Andrew goes through life living for his parents, living for the happiness of others, and in this neglects to find his true self. Before his ride to Vietnam , he rode to Mexico, then through the coast of America, and through Japan for 45 days. His physical journey mimics his stagnant and redundant state. He was wandering, living a superficial life. Andrew held the stress of the first-born son, to make his parents proud. He became an engineer, just as his mother told him he would do when he was four. He acted the role of the â€Å"Good Oriental employee† (25). Andrew recalls, â€Å"My father said ‘Good’ to me twice in my life. I showed him the glowing congratulatory letter from the national honor society†¦and for landing a cushy engineering post at a major airline† (24-25). As he travels, Andrew speaks as an American, and as a Vietnamese man. Chapter two begins with Andrew stating that he is â€Å"Vietnamese-American† (10). He lists out his likes and dislikes, implying that he has a strong sense of self. The reader soon finds out this is superficial. Andrew proclaims all of this to set up where he is now and gives a brief family history of the stark difference of where he came from. When he arrives to Vietnam, he is ready to embrace the culture and be Vietnamese. On the plane Andrew is divided by his feelings toward the Vietnamese as they fight for toys that have spilled, â€Å"Mortified by the Vietnamese’s behavior and equally dismayed that I feel an obligatory connection to them, I sink deeper in to my seat, resentful, ashamed of their incivility† (64). This is the beginning of the conflict Andrew faces about being American yet being from Vietnam. Instead of finding his way, his identity, value for his life, he is engorged with a larger paradox of emotion. Who is Andrew X. Pham? This is the question that Catfish and Mandala tries to answer by using memories and events of the past and journey of the present. A chasm opened in his family when they all integrated into American culture through very unique ways. The family inadvertently makes the journey of self-exploration difficult for each other, with Chi-Minh’s being virtually impossible. Abusive treatment of the children acts as a symptom of the disorder and illusion of self through out the entire family. Andrew writes his memoirs in a rhythmic motion swaying back and forth through past and present, in hopes of finding who he is to be in the future. Andrew is torn between being Vietnamese in America, and American in Vietnam. He is afflicted with living a placid half-life, never socially accepted by either society, and forced to carve his own path and make his own statement of self. From Vietnamese immigrant, to respected engineer, and now famous author and food critic, Andrew has found a way to merge the Vietnamese and American cultures to fit the mold of Andrew X. Pham, the Original. Works Cited Page Pham, Andrew X. Catfish and Mandala. New York: Farrar, Stratus and G, 1999. Print.

Personal Budgeting Assignment

PERSONAL BUDGETING PROJECT You are to imagine that you are 21 years of age and have decided to make it on your own. You earn $606 a week and are looking for an apartment/unit/house to rent. Your parents have generously given you $2,000 to help pay for furniture and the bond on your new residence. You will need to calculate your weekly repayments and cost of living arrangements. Remember you cannot spend more than you have and you cannot borrow money. TASK ONE: As it dawned upon me that $606 was quite limiting I realised that I would have to find a job that would not be an option for my life.I was lucky enough to find a job that’s interesting as a hairdresser in Melbourne City. The qualifications needed are experience and reliability; fortunately both of which I already posses. I earn the exact minimum wage of $31,512 per year. TASK TWO, TASK THREE & TASK SEVEN: When searching for an abode, with my new-found job wage burning away in my back pocket, I again contemplated the obvi ous. It wasn’t much! As I searched and searched I came across a god-send in disguise as an apartment. At just $60 per week it barely scraped away at my weekly wage, leaving me after paying the initial bond and $546 for the weeks after.With the extremely cheap price I was blown away when I saw that it was in the same suburb (Melbourne) as my previously stated job- could this 1 bedroom, 1 bathroom apartment get any better? Apparently it could. As I looked up pictures of my abode I saw it was very modern looking; with sleek, homely wooden floorboards, white painted walls and skirtings and stainless steel taps. All of these traits contribute to why I chose to ‘move in to’ apartment number 15; 22-24 Jane Bell Lane, Melbourne. http://www. realestate. com. au/rent/between-50-100-in-melbourne/list-1? source=location-search TASK FOUR:There are many things to keep in mind when renting a property, especially if you are renting at the same time. 1. Lease Agreements: Are list ed in contract signed by both parties, they are terms of agreements. 2. Time Period: The time period of which the tenant signs the lease stating how long they will be occupying the property for. Either party can terminate the lease if they have a suitable reason. 3. Right of Entry: The landlord is given permission to enter the premises during normal business hours regarding maintenance issues. However the tenant should know 24 hours beforehand. 4.Rent: The tenant must pay the amount listed on the lease agreement. 5. Pets, Maintenance and Discrimination: When leasing the land lord is legally not allowed to reject someone on the basis of age, gender or sexual orientation. There may be pet policies either allowing or not allowing. 6. Insurance: The tenant is responsible in case of fire, theft and flood insurance yet the landlord is responsible for insurance of the tenants belongings. TASK FIVE: PICTURE| DETAILS| WHERE PURCHASED| WHY I BOUGHT IT| | | GUMTREE| To store my books and other trinket items in. | | | GUMTREE| To store my clothing and put my television on. | | GUMTREE| To sit on while I’m at the desk. To do my work at. | | | GUMTREE| To put things on in the lounge room. | | | GUMTREE| To sleep on. | | | GUMTREE| To cook food in. | | | GUMTREE| To sit on in the lounge room. | | | GUMTREE| To sit and eat at. | | | GUMTREE| To watch television on. | | | GUMTREE| To wash my cloths in. | TASK SIX: item| Price and why I need it| | To cook toast| | To cook toast| | To blend| | To beat food| | | | Price- $35. 45To clean. | | To clean. | | To clean. | TASK EIGHT: UTILITIES| SUMMER| AUTUMN| WINTER| SPRING| TOTAL| WEEKLY COST| COMBINED WEEKLY COST| ELECTRICTY| $181| $174| $180| $172| $707| $13. 9| $47. 06| WATER| $150| $138| $164| $270| $722| $13. 88| GAS| $122| $150| $251| $172| $659| $12. 67| PHONE| $90| $90| $90| $90| $360| $6. 92| Bills are a part of life in the adult world; everybody gets and needs to pay them. After paying my rent and then my utility bi lls, each week I am left with $498. 94 for other everyday expenses such as food and transport. I am left, out of the total $31,512 a year, $25,944. 88. INCOME ($606) – RENT ($60) – UTILITIES ($47. 06) = $498. 94 TASK NINE: When travelling to work most people use some form of transportation.Walking or riding a bike isn’t always appropriate; after taking into consideration the pros and cons of owning a car and taking public transport, I have opted to use public transport to get to and fro. A car is very expensive as you have to pay petrol, insurance, registration and maintenance! Taking into consideration the fact that I live in the inner city, traffic at peak hours (the times I would most likely be on the road heading to or from work) would be ghastly! Not to mention parking. The less costly alternative of travelling trams and trains allows me to always be on the go, with no traffic!The general pricing is listed in the below table, though I would spend $32. 80 on weekdays and if I go out on both days on the weekend $6. 60 (total of $39. 40) Public transport is also very eco-friendly. INCOME ($606) – RENT ($60) – UTILITIES ($47. 06) – TRANSPORT ($39. 40) = $459. 54 TRIP| FARES| Daily Zone 1+2 Full Fare (weekday)| $6. 56| Daily Zone 1+2 Full Fare (weekend)| $3. 30| TASK TEN: FOOD & PRICE| QUANTITY| TOTAL COST| | 1| | | 3| | 1| | 3| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 500g| | 6| | 1| | 3| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| 1| | 2| | 4| | 4| | 5| | 5| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| | 1| INCOME ($606) – RENT ($60) – UTILITIES ($47. 06) – TRANSPORT ($39. 40) –SHOPPING ($221. 61) = $237. 93 TASK ELEVEN: I am finally free to live the way I please and do the things I like! Out of the $2,000 given to me from my loving, caring parents I have $1,225 much money left and I am choosing to save it so I can go on holidays in the future, or in case of an emergency. Out f my weekly wage after paying everything I need to I have $237. 3 left, which I am also saving. I believe it will be good for me to have that money left over in the bank, it also proves to my parents or any other people whom have doubts of young people making it on their own! TASK TWELVE: The real world can be a hard, gruelling place- especially if you go at it on your own! In this budget review I will talk about what I expected, how I mad our decisions, problems and difficulties, things I have learned, influencial changes and some advice to those starting out. This project has given me a right taste of that world, and let me tell you it was not what I expected.I always thought it wasn’t that hard to find a job or a house- but it sure is. After hours of looking I found my job and house, both in the approp riate area. It was hard finding food and understanding the terms of leasing a property but I managed to get through it all. I did not expect that I would have budgeted so well though! The amount of money I have left shocked me to the core as I am usually I am an extremely rapid spender, yet this project has taught me that you can’t go spending all your money on silly little things and that money doesn’t grow on trees.Those learning curves influenced my decisions throughout the project greatly. If I were to give advice to anyone starting out, I would let them know that yes it is a hard place; but once you’ve got it all sorted you feel so proud. Don’t ever give up! Also, buy stuff from gumtree. com. au- massive bargains! I am so looking forward to moving out of home an putting to use the lessons I have learned in the past weeks.

Building Resilient Students and Mediation Term Paper

Building Resilient Students and Mediation - Term Paper Example Resiliency is an innate quality of students. Students are different in terms of their ability to manage stress, keep focus, manage their emotions and their emotional presentations, maintain their self-esteem even in the face of difficulties, etc. The trait of resilience can be determined by a number of factors: Feeling obligated to succeed or maintain one's composure due to one's duties towards family, friends or community; high self-esteem; good stress management techniques; etc. But resilience is also a consequence of someone's environments and social networks. Anyone can snap in an environment that is high-tension, high-conflict and stress-inducing; certainly, it will tax their resources no matter how vast. Conversely, even people with very low stress tolerance can flourish in an environment that controls stress extremely well. Further, even the toughest people are likely to become depressed or stressed out if they don't have a social network to vent to and use for relaxation. Thi s means that educators in their quest to create resilient students have two goals. They have to teach students how to manage stress, but they also have to control the environments that students are in so that they don't have too much stress to manage in the first place. These two are obviously somewhat at odds with each other: Teaching students how to manage stress requires a slight bit of stress in the first place, as an inoculation. Teaching children to manage deadlines, for example, requires giving them deadlines, which can be stressful. There is also clearly a dialectical relationship between these factors. Better stress management can help people build larger networks of friends and relationships which can help with stress management, for example. Someone's innate characteristics help to influence the environment, and someone's environment can help hone, challenge or tax their innate characteristics. Mediation fits into all of this in several ways. â€Å"Peer mediation is a wo nderful and effective strategy for helping students maintain their emotional balance... [E]ducators must set the stage for conflict resolution by setting clear expectations... Teaching students the skills for managing anger... comes next... Students need to know that anger is a normal emotion† (Thomsen, 2002, p. 114). Preparing for mediation, just like mediation itself, involves teaching skills such as really listening, anger management (learning to hold one's tongue long enough to get through a stressful meeting or process that can let someone get what they want), and so forth. Thomsen recommends â€Å"allow[ing] students who are experiencing a conflict to cool off† before attempting peer mediation (Thomsen, 2002, p. 114). â€Å"Remember, the brain and body are in an aroused state, and the rational mind is waiting in the wings†. Students going through the preparation process learn that preparing for mediation, negotiation and conflict resolution is just as impor tant as the process itself. Further, mediation and the process of preparation for it helps students get in touch with their emotions. â€Å"Learning the intrapersonal skill of introspection will serve students long after graduation† (Thomsen, 2002, p. 114). Many adults don't have proper introspection skills, unable to deeply reflect on their thoughts, motivations and beliefs. This drives conflict: It is very hard for someone to avoid making others angry if they don't know their own behavior; similarly, someone trying to appease someone else is

Violence in the public schools Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Violence in the public schools - Research Paper Example Other forms of violence such as assault with or without weapons, theft, kicking, biting, and gang violence can lead to serious injury and to some extreme cases death (McCluskey 75-77). The public schools teachers have rated the following as the most common disciplinary problems in public schools. They consist of; talking out of turn, making noise, violations of the dress code, littering, drug and alcohol abuse, pregnancy, suicide, rape, robbery, and assault. This is because socialization in the public schools is often violent and cruel. Bullying, peer pressure, sexual tensions, racial cliques, and the competition for the approval of the teacher often create a stressful and violent environment. Cameron (57-59) reported that bullying can actually leave anyone feeling angry, frightened, depressed, and totally undermined. The children’s acts of bullying crop up because the bullies have a biased concept that the bully acts are justified According to Snell and Volokh (45-6) assert that the risk factors that contribute to violent behavior is attributed to the following: poverty which typically lays a foundation of discontent and anger; illegitimacy and breakdown of families, which often lead children to seek for stability and caring environments of gangs. They act violently during periods of unsupervised time. Moreover, the constantly shifting school demographics often reflect huge upheavals as communities undergo changes in economic well being, size, and racial and ethnic mix can impact negatively on the behavior of the youth. Next is that some of the children are subjected to neglect, sexual, and substance abuse by their parents making them to develop negative violent behavior pattern Another factor is societal violence rates and the juvenile violence rates. This makes the children to be affiliated to certain subcultures in the society. The subcultures decision to affiliate and

Insomnia as a Health Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Insomnia as a Health Disorder - Essay Example Insomnia as a condition deprives an individual all the benefits associated with having enough sleep. A characteristic aspect of an insomniac is being unproductive. A normal individual expects to allocate 7 to 8 hours of the day for a sleeping session. This will ensure that the individual is refreshed and motivated for the next day’s activities. The crucial function of the brain, learning and memory, is enhanced through memory consolidation, which takes place when an individual is asleep. It is expected that individuals who experience a normal sleeping pattern would perform their tasks better that insomniacs. The immunity in insomniacs is likely to be compromised as lack of sleep interferes with immune functions. Insomnia is also related to conditions such as irregular heartbeat, hypertension and increased levels of the stress hormone.A number of strategies exist, which if followed will help an individual from falling as a victim of insomnia. The strategies are referred to as s leep hygiene and a careful adherence will ensure a good sleeping session each night. The first step towards sleep hygiene is shunning from taking drinks that contain alcohol, nicotine or caffeine before sleeping, as these stimulates the body and kills sleep. Secondly, as much as exercising is important it is advisable not to exercise when going to sleep as it will bring stimulation and interfere with sleep. Thirdly, a good sleep habit will entail sleeping and waking at a defined time at night and day respectively.

Nonhuman Primate Sign Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Nonhuman Primate Sign Language - Essay Example The present research has identified that human and nonhuman primates such as chimpanzees have commonalities in brain features in high-level communicative and cognitive functions. Brains of both human and nonhuman primate show some degree of asymmetry. Both halves of the human brain are not symmetrical they are lopsidedness that arise at the development stage of brain. Brains of humans show a greater variance of asymmetry than that of chimpanzees, but brains of both species are asymmetrical in structures. Brain asymmetry gives a room for flexibility and enables the brain to adapt easily to different conditions and situations. Human and primates share 99% of their genetic makeup. However, their main difference between the two is the capability of communicating in a language that is defined. Chimps do not can speak human language, but they have a way of communicating to each other. One of the ways they communicate to each other is through different types of vocal calls. If the chimps fi nd food, they start making different types of grunts, pant hoots and barks to let others know the source of food. Chimpanzees have different pant hoots that distinguish each from one another. It helps others to identify individuals who are making the call. When chimps get back from a successful hunt, they make calls in an exciting way to alert others about a successful mission. When they come across a dangerous situation, they produce a savage-sounding to alert others on the potential danger. Chimps also communicate with each other by making use of bodily gestures and postures. Some communities such as that of a monkey make use of physical contact to express anger, happiness, fear and aggressiveness. When chimps get angry, they express anger by standing upright using their hind legs, wave their arms and sometimes they can throw rocks and branches. The behavior alerts other chimps that are near and steer clear of this particular monkey.

The Environment and Our Difficult Relationship with Fuel Essay

The Environment and Our Difficult Relationship with Fuel - Essay Example It expresses the rationality of Man and the objectivity of his choices. In terms of food, the choices we make can significantly impact our health, whether we choose to eat a low or high calorie diet, whether we prefer to eat hygienic home-cooked food over the junk food we eat in restaurants or whether we prefer to eat fresh food as opposed to frozen food. It is high time that we challenge our unconditional trust for the health claims on the products of food manufacturing companies including genetically modified food and our ignorance of what constitutes healthy food, the perception of which has lately been tarnished. A similar perspective is shared by Micheal Pollen as elucidated in his article â€Å"Unhappy Meals.† The tone of Pollen’s article is full of sarcasm at the evolved concept of healthy food, much to my liking, the author states â€Å"A health claim on a food product is a good indication that it’s not really food, and food is what you want to eat,† (Pollen, 1). ... 40). The very introduction of such health claims on manufactured food was nothing more than a profit maximizing technique employed to increase sales. This has led to a change in the consumption patterns and is â€Å"destroying the traditional food cultures,† (Pollen, p. 65). The fact that after the introduction of the 1977 Dietary Goals in the United States of America, majority of the food manufactured was low fat (since that was recommended by the nutritionists ), one would have expected an overall decrease in the level of obesity of the population in general, but is that what happened? Unfortunately not! This simple fact speaks volumes about the low – fat claims made by the food manufacturing companies. The flaw was also in the proposed nutritional plan. The food manufactured was low on fat but high on carbohydrates which resulted in the increased obesity (Pollen, p. 43). This shows us that the nutritional value of food and the nutritious diets proposed are mere exper iments, the results of which are not guaranteed. This does not mean that I am a proponent of consuming high levels of cholesterol; rather I feel a controlled diet is the healthiest way to leading a healthy life, as opposed to consuming products that claim to be healthy. The dichotomy of the researches surrounding the utility of Omega-3 fats is a live example of the supportive and contradictory empirical evidence to support such health claims (Pollen, p. 38). Similar researches are questioning the validity of the food pyramid we have been studying for years. In his book Gary Taubes seeks to clarify many of the prevalent notions people have about methods of

Political risk and living conditions in argentina Essay

Political risk and living conditions in argentina - Essay Example After the Spanish abandoned Argentina in the 19th century, it has been hard for any particular Argentine government to maintain stability. Since the Second World War many military regimes have risen and fallen in Argentina, something that leads to drastically changing positions towards business depending on who is in power. In the past ten years, however, the political situation in Argentina has stabilized significantly (NY Times Topic: Argentina). The same political party has maintained government for several years, and the presidency only changed when the former president stepped aside for his wife to run, and she won that election (NY Times Topic: Cristina Fernà ¡ndez de Kirchner). The government is also relatively pro-business. Argentina had a significant economic crisis around the year 2000 (NY Times Topic: Argentina), but since, however, has maintained one of the fastest growth rates of any Latin American country. SO long as the business is run profitably, and willing to pay taxes, then the business should be successful in Argentina. The living conditions of people in Argentina are relatively high. It has one of the best median incomes among Latin American countries, beaten only by Brazil, and, again, has shown to have one of the most robust economies (CIA World Factbook). The clothing is a mix between Latin clothing and other Western clothing, with very little traditional garb worn by the general population, especially in urban areas and along the coast. Diet and nutrition in Argentina is heavily focused on traditional foods and locally grown produce. Argentina has a massive agricultural industry, which is especially well known for producing some of the best Malbac wine in the world (Mendoza Wines). Likewise, a paucity of local pests and favorable growing conditions means that much of this can be grown without heavy use of pesticides. All of this is obviously very favorable to the

See order instructions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

See order instructions - Assignment Example Krishna then tells Arjuna that it is his right to fight. He uses the following arguments; Arjuna is a Kshatriya, and so it is his dharma to fight if he disobeys he will suffer bad karma. The other argument is that the soldiers he will kill will not die, and only their bodies will die. Finally, if he refuses to fight the soldiers will die in some other way (Hindu worldviews, p.12). According to the author, the Gita justifies war based on the arguments of Krishna. Also in the Gita there are certain rules about war that are similar to the Western just war principles but justified differently. Most of the Hindu rulers have used war and most of the citizens have supported it. However, from the author most Hindus believe Ahimsa is against both animal sacrifice and war. The best-known anti-war Hindus were Vinoba Bhave and Mohandas K. Gandhi. The author also demonstrates that ‘just war’ which is the use of war to finish a war or injustice as advocated Arjuna by Krishna, shows that the end justifies the means. Gandhi reversed the order and claimed that the means justify the end. Gandhi interpreted the Gita as a spiritual message dealing with the inner human struggle and not external war (Hindu worldviews, p.14). According to the author, Gandhi had an idea that after the end of a war there will be many deaths, and the situation will be worse than it was. He also saw that Arjuna had selfish favoritism since he was not opposed to war he was just opposed to killing his relatives. Therefore, if war were acceptable, he could also kill his relatives. On the other hand, Vinoba noted that Gita teaches about the worship of God and service to others especially that in need and not killing them. The author shows that most Hindus see violence and warfare as a regular part of life, especially the Kshatriyas. The work of police officers in the criminal justice system is to ensure that

Technology Competitive Advantage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Technology Competitive Advantage - Essay Example One example of disruptive technology is the next revolution in machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. It is essentially a technology that helps to establish communication between different sectors of a business without the involvement of additional personnel. One example of an M2M component can be RFID (radio frequency identification). Today, the use of radio frequency identification (RFID) can bring revolution in the supply chain management. RFID tags are â€Å"small objects that can be attached to or incorporated into an object, and contain silicon chips and antennas that enable them to receive and respond to radio-frequency queries from an RFID reader† (Santosh & Smith, 2008, p.128). In order to execute an overall low-cost leadership strategy, the emphasis should be on finding innovative ways for cost reduction or substitutions in every aspect of supply and distribution chain (Orcullo, 227). The principal focus area of RFID is to provide possibilities to improve the supply chain management, and this can be advantageous for retailers. In combination with mobile computing and online technologies, RFID can help an organization to efficiently manage and upkeep its stocks. This technology can eliminate manual labour for identification of products and their storage, thus labour cost can be reduced to increase the profit margin (Al-Odeh, 343). RFID is an electronic substitute for barcodes and is a vast improvement with superior accuracy, real-time tracking and top-speed read rate. In this ever-changing business world, convenience and time-saving techniques are priorities, and RFID is a key to these elements. RFID is currently being used in manufacturing sector, retail s tores and supply chain industry. RFID technology can be beneficial to the company in relation to inventory management and supply chain management. Although the initial investment can be huge with no real possibility of returns in the short run, it can, however, prove to be profitable in the long run.  Ã‚  

SWOT Analysis of Regis Corporation Essay Example for Free

SWOT Analysis of Regis Corporation Essay Section I – Organizational History Regis Corporation, a Fortune 1000 company, specializes in beauty salons, hair restoration centers, and cosmetology education. The Company owns, franchises, or holds ownership interests in approximately 12,700 worldwide locations (Regis Corporation, 2009). Regis corporate and franchise locations operate under concepts such as Supercuts, Sassoon Salon, Regis Salons, MasterCuts, SmartStyle and Hair Club for Men and Women (Regis Corporation, 2009). In addition, Regis maintains an ownership interest in Provalliance, which operates salons primarily in Europe, under the brands of Jean Louis David, Franck Provost and Saint Algue. Regis also maintains ownership interests in Empire Education Group in the U.S. and MY Style concepts in Japan. System-wide, these and other concepts are located in the U.S. and in over 30 other countries in North America, South America, Europe, Africa and Asia (Regis Corporation, 2009). In its nearly 9,500 North American salons, Regis offers a wide range of hair care services including haircuts, styling and coloring, as well as a wide selection of professional hair care products (Regis Corporation, 2009). Through their 96 Hair Club for Men and Women locations, Regis also offers a comprehensive menu of hair restoration products and services (Regis Corporation, 2009). Section II – Strengths and Weaknesses I would consider two of Regis Corporation’s strengths to be their longevity brand recognition and salon geographic locations. Two of Regis Corporation’s weaknesses are poor management and poor management. Strength #1- Longevity Brand Recognition Regis began 88 years ago and since then has grown into a multi-billion dollar company. Regis Corporation owns several well-known brands such as SuperCuts, Master Cuts, Vidal Sassoon, and ProCuts. They also have their own complete hair care line of products called DesignLine. Strength #2- Salon Geographical Locations Regis strategically places all of their salons in locations with high customer traffic flow such as malls, shopping centers, and Wal-Mart Supercenters. Having salons located in these areas allows for customer flexibility as well as a highly visible location for potential walk-in clientele. Regis is also has salons operating in Canada and Puerto Rico, as well as over 400 salons operating internationally in Europe (Regis Corporation, 2009). Weakness #1- Poor Management After reading many Regis employee reviews from glassdoor.com, the majority of cons the employees listed had to do the management. Employees described management as unconcerned with quality of stylists hired, unresponsive to employee’s needs and concerns, and low opportunity for advancement. Upper and lower level management need to be properly trained and incorporate employee empowerment which includes employee recognition, sharing leadership, and providing feedback (Glassdoor.com,). Weakness #2- Poor Customer Service After reviewing many customer reviews, many of the complaints were centered on customer service issues. Some customers complained they were rushed through their service and there were complaints of having to wait over an hour for their service even though they had an appointment. Bad customer service is bad for the hair business because you not only loose that one client; you also lose any future referrals from the client and it can develop a bad reputation for the salon itself (Glassdoor.com,). Section III – Opportunities and Threats Two current opportunities for Regis Corporation’s are their hair restoration businesses and the availability of real estate for new construction. Two of Regis Corporation’s current threats are the downturn of the general economic environment and their current negative same-store sales. Opportunity #1- Hair Restoration Business In December 2004, Regis Corporation acquired the Hair Club for Men and Women (Regis Corporation, 2009). Currently this industry is comprised with numerous locations domestically and internationally. By consolidating and expanding, this industry would generate a great deal of revenue. Growth plans for hair restoration include construction of a modest number of new locations in untapped markets domestically and internationally (Regis Corporation, 2009). Opportunity #2- Availability of Real Estate for New Construction The availability of real estate for new construction is an opportunity for Regis to continue to expand not only the new construction of salons but also the construction of new hair restoration centers. By adding new units in convenient locations with good visibility and customer traffic. The availability of real estate will allow Regis to achieve long-term growth objectives (Regis Corporation, 2009). Threat #1- Downturn of the General Economic Environment Downturn of the economic environment results in customers spending less and waiting longer between returning visits to the salon. General economic factors include interest rates, recession, inflation, deflation, tax rates and policy, energy costs, and unemployment trends (Regis Corporation, 2009). Visits to hair restoration centers would be greatly impacted by increases in unemployment rates and decreases in income levels (Regis Corporation, 2009). Threat #2- Negative Same-Store Sales Same-store sales is taking the amount of revenue generated by stores (open one year or more) over a certain period and then comparing it to an identical period in the past. Many factors affect same-store sales such as fashion trends, competition, or even weather conditions. Regis same-store sales have declined for the eleventh consecutive quarter to 2.3% (Zacks Investment Research, 2011). Continued declines in same-store sales performance may cause us to be in default of certain covenants in their financing arrangements (Zacks Investment Research, 2011). Section IV – Summary Regis is a well-known brand name and had been in business for over 80 years. Regis is one of the largest companies in the hair care industry holding about 2% of the worldwide market. Their salons are conveniently located in malls, shopping centers, and even within Wal-Mart Supercenters. They have salons located all across the United States and have expanded their business to Canada, Puerto Rico, and Europe. Regis needs to improve on their employee satisfaction in regards to management and need to focus on improving customer service relations. Regis’s newly acquired hair restoration line provides a great opportunity to consolidate and expand this industry in turn creating a great deal of revenue. The availability of real estate for new construction is also a great opportunity for Regis to expand in the construction of new salons and new hair restoration centers, which will allow Regis to achieve long-term growth objectives. A threat to Regis is the downturn of the economic environment, which results in consumers spending less and waiting longer between salon visits. If Regis same-store sales do not begin to improve it will have a huge impact on their financing arrangements.

Synthesis and Growth of HAp Crystals

Synthesis and Growth of HAp Crystals Results and discussions Synthesis of HAp/Chitosan/Dopamine films Two types of HAp-chitosan composite films were prepared: HAp-chitosan films with and without dopamine (Figure 1). The weight ratio between HAp and chitosan in the films was fixed to 50 wt% since the HAp content in human bones is about 50-70wt% in dry weight28-30. In comparison with the 50 wt% HAp-chitosan, 70 wt% HAp-chitosan films containing dopamine were also generated, but this composite was too brittle to be used as hard tissue substitute. HAp-chitosan films were successfully casted and the films were slightly yellow in color. Dopamine containing HAp-chitosan films were also casted and the color was changed to dark brown. The color alteration of the films was due to the oxidation of dopamine that formed phenolic tanning compounds19,31. Based on the previous studies, wet precipitation methods were carried out to synthesize a nano-HAp in the presence of chitosan and its derivatives13,16. Chitosan strongly interacted with HAp and regulated the anisotropic growth of crystalline HA. I n addition, it was revealed that dopamine can also facilitate the growth of the HAp crystals along the c-axis21. Therefore, the synthesis and growth of HAp crystals in the presence of both chitosan and dopamine were examined by FTIR, XRD and SEM before conducting the mechanical analysis and water uptake analysis. FTIR analysis and Wide-angle X-Ray Diffraction FTIR spectra of the composite films are shown in Figure 1. Generally, hydroxyl and phosphate bands of HAp and characteristic peaks of chitosan are present in all of the composites FTIR spectra regardless of dopamine addition. More specifically, FTIR spectra of the composites showed the identity bands of HAp; stretching and bending vibration modes from the phosphate groups () were identified at absorption bands of 898 1095 cm-1 and 477 660 cm-1 respectively. The combination band of hydroxyl (O-H) bending and libration modes was observed at 630 cm-1. Furthermore, observed band at about 3600 cm-1 indicated the O-H stretching. On the other hand, several typical chitosan absorption peaks of 1150, 1375, 1640 cm-1and 2900 cm-1were observed in the chitosan containing composites. Peak at 1150 cm-1 was indicating glucosamine unit. The peak observed at 1640 cm-1 represents amide I (C=O) and anti-symmetric NH3 deformation. The band appearing at 1599 cm-1is attributed to amide II bands. Both am ide I and amide II show a hydrogen bond between –NH2 and –OH of HAp. Peak at 2900 cm-1 represent the –CH2 backbone. In the dopamine containing composite, the polyphenolic content resembled by phenolic COH peak that was discerned at 1260 cm-1. Moreover, both of aromatic C=C and COO bands were also observed at 1600-1650 cm-1 FTIR is an appropriate technique to observe the composite constituent interaction. It measures the frequencies at which chemical functional groups absorb as the result of the sample’s chemical interaction. In this regards, the appearance of glucosamine unit band at 1150 cm-1 that overlap with the stretching vibrations bands of HAp indicated that HAp crystals were formed on the chitosan molecules through certain interaction. In addition, chitosan interaction with ions by means of phosphorylation were also identified by the emergence shoulder at 1220 cm-1 and an increased at 1064 cm-1 absorption peaks of the chitosan containing composites spectra12. Chitosan has great affinity to react with ions without pH dependent13. This interaction makes chitosan tend to undergo phosphorylation in acid, basic and neutral solutions. In the presence of the phosphorilated groups, chitosan can strongly bind with intermediate form of HAp, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), and impose constrain ts of ACP subsequently lead to crystalline HAp formation13. Furthermore, chelation of calcium ions by phosphate functionalities may also induce the formation of crystalline HAp. The XRD spectra of the samples with or without dopamine also support the existence of HAp crystalline phase in the composite films. Most peaks in the XRD spectra of the samples could be indexed to the known HAp structure (Ca10(PO4)6) with characteristic peaks at 2ÃŽ ¸ regions of 26Â º, 29Â º, 32-34Â º, 40Â º, 46-54Â º, which are consistent with HAp phase (JCPDF #09-0432), confirming that the phase was formed in all samples13,32. However, the crystallinity of HAp in the chitosan-HAp composite films was lower than 100% HAp powder due to the presence of chitosan. The broad peak around 20Â º is an indicative peak for chitosan in the composite film regardless of dopamine addition13. Interestingly, some evidence which support anisotropic growth of Hap in the presence of dopamine were shown in the XRD spectra. The intensities of HAP diffractions relating to (002), (300) and (211) peaks (at 2ÃŽ ¸ of 26 Â º, 32 Â º, 33 Â º respectively) were measured. The ratio of the measured diffra ction intensity of c-axis (002) to another direction was used to determine the orientation degree. The XRD results after Gaussian Fit indicates that the (002) to (300) intensity ratio of 50% HAp samples with and without dopamine was 0.17 and 0.45 respectively. This indicated the preferential orientation of the HAp growth in the c-axis was significantly increased with the presence of dopamine. Additional broad peaks (~10Â º ~15Â º) were observed in the dopamine containing film. It indicates that the addition of dopamine induced structural changes in d-spacing over 0.6-0.9 nm in the film due to dopamine-mediated crosslinking, or dopamine-mediated HAp growth. Overall, XRD spectra suggest that the aspect ratio and anisotropy increased in the dopamine containing HAp/chitosan composite. SEM, TEM analysis and Cell Test Result To examine the effect of dopamine addition on the surface morphology, the dopamine-containing films were observed under SEM and TEM (Figure 3 and 4). The figures show a presence of nanorod particles in the composites with narrow and uniform particle size distribution in all samples. In the absence of dopamine, this structure is likely formed due to phosphorylation of chitosan which bind with phosphate precursor compounds and modulate the crystallization of HAp13,16. In the presence of dopamine, the aspect ratio of HAp was increased up to ~4.7 fold compared with control HAp in the absence of chitosan nor dopamine (figure x). For a comparison, in the 50 wt% composite, the aspect ratios are 2.4 and 4.5, without and with dopamine crosslink respectively. The dopamine effect is probably because of catecholic group from the dopamine bind with Ca2+ in HAp crystals formation 21. The pKa dopamine is ~8.9, dopamine was added while the pH decreased from ~8 to 4.2 The protonated cathecholic group of dopamine are possibly involved in HAp formation and regulate the one-dimensional growth of HAp crystals. This phenomenon is well agreed as the previous experiment result that polydopamine addition on HAp provides mechanism for surface-anchored catecholamine moieties to enrich the interface with calcium ions, facilitating the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals19.The addition of dopamine not only guides the anisotropic directional growth of hydroxyapatite crystals which increased its aspect ratio, but also changed the homogeneity of the grain distribution and shape of the nanostructure (Figure 5). To study the effect of HAp content on the aspect ratio of the nanostructure, the 25% and 70 wt% HAp-chitosan film with/without dopamine was synthesized. As the results, the aspect ratio is increases with increasing of HAp weight %. The 70 wt% with dopamine containing sample showed the highest aspect ratio. (Supporting figure X). The aspect ratio is a significant property of HAp related to the absorbability and fracture toughness of the samples. Higher aspect ratio known to have better adsorbability since it is proportional to the surface area of rods3, which are beneficial for cell attachment. However, aspect ratio alone is inadequate to identify the cellular affinity of sample, as a previous study suggested that surface roughness can also play an important role33. It was also found that aspect ratio and surface roughness of the composite film have a significant effect on the cell attachment and proliferation1. We tested MC-3T3 cells (mouse pre-osteoblast cell line) proliferation on the HAp-chitosan composite surfaces. To measure the dependence of MC-3T3 cell viability and proliferation on surface materials quantitatively, WST-8 [2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, monosodium salt] based cell counting assay was performed. WST-8 produced yellow-colored product (formazan) when it was reduced by dehydrogenases in living cells34,35. The levels of cell viability and proliferation on the sample that contains dopamine were slightly lower than others (Figure 6) suggesting that the increasing of HAps aspect ratio is not always beneficial because the cell viability was rather decreased. Nevertheless, the number of viable cells in the sample is still increased, yet at a slightly lower rate than the other sample. This is implying that this material would probably have no strong cytotoxicity. However, in vivo testing is remains to be proved the cytotoxicit y of the dopamine-containing composites.

Issues Of Indoor Air Pollution Environmental Sciences Essay

Issues Of Indoor Air Pollution Environmental Sciences Essay Air pollution is an expression used to describe a state when the chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials exceeds the recommended levels and become a source that harm effects or cause discomfort to humans and other organisms, or cause damages to the living natural environment. Pollution can be resulted from man-made daily industrial processes and activities or by the nature. There are many forms of pollutants solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. Indoor air pollution can be arises from indoor and outdoor pollutant sources. People, especially students, spend about 90% of their live in enclosed controlled environments. These closed enclosed environments could have short or long terms of harm health effects on occupants according to the quality of the inside air (pollution levels). In recent years, the issue of indoor air and its quality (IAQ) has become an internationally recognized issue that caught the attention of researchers and the occupants toward improving the quality of air inside buildings environments. Fanger (2006) defines the indoor air quality (IAQ) as the desire of human to perceive the air as fresh and pleasant, with no negative impacts on their heath and productivity. Many researchers such as Wark and Warner (1981) investigated the sources of the outdoor and the indoor pollution that affected the indoor air. They found that the indoor air quality can be influenced by the outdoor air pollution sources such as traffic; industrial; construction, and combustion activities and the indoor sourc es such as ventilation equipment, furnishings, and human activities. Common Indoor Air Pollutants In this section, a total of 11 common indoor air quality parameters and its outdoor and indoor source in addition to it is health hazard on human shall be discussed. The IAQ parameters consists of three physical parameters (room temperature, relative humidity, and air movement) related to occupants thermal comfort which is defined in the previous section, nine chemical parameters (sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), particulates matters (PM), formaldehyde (HCHO) , radon (Rn) and ozone (O3)).In addition to the discussion of microbiological parameters (airborne bacteria, viruses, fungi and pollen), dust, odors and hydrocarbons. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) This type of pollutant gas has been extensively studied by many researchers around the world in outdoors environments due to it is high tendency to react with wide range of chemicals. SO2 is a colorless gas with a characteristic pungent odor and results from the fossil fuels combustion. Acid rain is one of the outdoor pollution problem cased by this gas. Indoor SO2 concentrations are usually lower than outdoor, probably around 0.1 ppm, (Andersen 1972; Yocom, 1982 and Meyer, 1983). Due to it tendency to react with many chemicals, indoor SO2 can reacts with building materials and absorbed by the building surfaces (Andersen 1972). This gas can dissolves in water and mixes with air in all temperatures. The main indoor sources of SO2 are coal burning inside fireplaces and using fuel oil stoves and heaters. Sulfur dioxide causes headache, general discomfort, anxiety, and inflammation of the respiratory tract, wheezing, lung damage, and irritation of the eyes, nose and throat, choking and coughing. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) Nitrogen dioxide is formed in outdoor atmosphere from high temperature combustion processes by the reaction of the nitric oxide (NO) with Oxygen (O2) and Ozone (O3). Motor vehicles contribute to about 55% of the manmade NOx emissions, EPA (2008). The major sources of this gas in indoors environments are gas cooking stoves and heater and tobacco smoke. In a study done by Yocom (1982) among British school children it was found that students whom suffer from reduced respiratory function are living in houses with gas stoves. Exposure to low levels of Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) causes shortness of breath, tiredness, nausea and irritation to the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs; exposure to high levels cause rapid burning, spasms, swelling of tissues in the throat and upper respiratory tract, reduced oxygenation of body tissues, a build-up of fluid in the lungs, and may lead to death. Carbon monoxide (CO) CO is a very poisonous and non irritating gas that has no color, odor or taste. This gas produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels (Yocom, 1982 and Meyer, 1983). Vehicular exhaust is a major source of carbon monoxide, EPA (2008). The indoor carbon monoxide concentrations are often higher than the outdoor concentrations due to the emission from gas stoves and tobacco smoke, Yocom (1982). The main effect of this gas on human health is its affinity for hemoglobin in blood. The inhaled CO mixes with the hemoglobin in the blood and forms carboxyhemoglobin that reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood vessels. CO is 250 times more efficient at hemoglobin binding than Oxygen. Exposure to carbon monoxide causes headaches, shortness of breath, muscle aches, chest pain, especially in people with previous heart problems history, blurry vision, dizziness, nausea/vomiting, weakness, confusion, fatigue, rapid heart rate at high levels, fast deep breathing at high levels, fainting and death at high levels [CPSC Document #466, 2008]. Carbon dioxide (CO2) Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless greenhouse gas emitted from the complete combustion of the carbon with Oxygen. The average typical concentrations of CO2 in the outdoor environment are 350-400 ppm, where the indoor concentrations are higher than those of the outdoor. The principal sources of the indoor CO2 are human body through the metabolism process (food consumption), and occupants activity. The health problems associated with carbon dioxide exposure are headaches, dizziness, restlessness, feeling of an inability to breathe, malaise (vague feeling of discomfort), increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, visual distortion, impaired hearing, nausea/vomiting, loss of consciousness, coma, convulsions, death from asphyxiation (body cells do not get the oxygen they need to live). Particulate matter (PM) Particulate matter (PM) or fine particles are a mixture of tiny solid particles of solid and liquid droplets suspended in air. Particulate matter can be generated from man made (fossil fuels combustion processes) or natural (volcanoes, dust storms, and forest and grassland fires). There are many sources of the indoor particles such as pets, gas stoves, and tobacco smoke. Particles classified according to its size as fine particles are those whose size is smaller than 2.5 ÃŽÂ ¼m and coarse particles are those which are larger than 2.5 ÃŽÂ ¼m. Heinrich and Slama (2007) argued that the fine particles are the major threat source that affects the children health, where exposing to fine particles can results in cardiac and respiratory problems, [Dockery et al. (1993), Dockery and Pope (1994), Pope et al. (2002), Wu et al. (2005), Gilliland et al. (2005)]. The PM metals components are a major source that involves in the development of pulmonary, cardiovascular and allergic diseases, S chwarze et al. (2006). Exposure to high levels of fine particles causes health hazards such as heart diseases; respiratory diseases; altered lung functions, especially in children, and lung cancer and death. Formaldehyde (HCHO) Formaldehyde is a colorless with a strong pungent odor and considered as the most important substance in the aldehydes group due to it is mostly used in the production process of many building materials such as foam insulation, plywood, carpets, combustion appliances and particle board adhesives which releases again the formaldehyde to the indoor environment. The typical indoor formaldehyde concentrations range from 0.05 to 1 ppm, where in the new buildings the indoor levels of the formaldehyde are high, (Meyer, 1983; Samet et al., 1991) and most of the complains were from buildings with formaldehyde foam insulation and mobile homes that uses plywood paneling, Wadden (1983). The rate of diffusion of this substance is a function of the indoor temperature and humidity. Exposing to formaldehyde can cause health effects include eye, nose, and throat irritation; wheezing and coughing; fatigue; skin rash; severe allergic reactions, EPA (2008). High concentrations of formaldehyde may cause cancer and other effects listed under organic gases. Radon (Rn) Radon is an inert radioactive, colorless, odorless, tasteless noble chemical gas element. Naturally, this element can be found as soil gas contained radon formed from the decay product of uranium and can remains as a gas under normal environmental conditions. This contaminant element can be found indoors due to some sources such as building materials especially that rich with radium, such as alum shale-based material and phosphogypsum wallboard, deep wells water natural gas having high radon concentrations. Another principal source is the flow of the soil gas into the homes through building cracks, sumps and any other openings or around the concrete slab, Bale (1980) Handbook ch. 40. Due to tightness of the buildings design, the indoor concentrations are usually higher than that in outdoor environment. Recently, this element is considered as carcinogen element du to it is radioactivity, which has a vital health hazard on buildings occupants, where it is considered to be the second mo st reason of lung cancer after cigarette smoking, EPA (2008). Ozone (O3) Ozone is a very reactive pollutant that can oxidizes most of the chemicals in nature such as aldehydes. In natural outdoor environment, Ozone produces from the effect of the sunlight on the nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. Usually the Ozone concentrations in the outdoor environment are higher than that found in indoors. The main sources of the high indoor Ozone concentration are the photocopy machines, laser printers, electrostatic air cleaners and x-ray generators, (Yocom, 1982 and Wadden, 1983). These sources develop electrostatic fields that can generate highly toxic concentrations of ozone in air. Exposing to low concentration levels of Ozone can cause eye irritation, visual disturbances, headaches, dizziness, mouth and throat irritation, chest pain, insomnia, breath shortness and coughing (Sittig 1991), where exposure to high levels of ozone can reduce lung function or respiratory problems, such as asthma or bronchitis. Microbiological Parameters Fungi, molds, viruses, bacteria and pollen are types of the microbiological indoor contaminants. The major sources of these contaminants are human, animals and plants and it can be found anywhere these sources are available, Meyer (1983). Due to the insufficient maintenance of the HVAC system parts (condensers, cooling coils, ducts and drainage pans) it can be another source of contamination by encouraging the proliferation of the microbes, (Wark and Warner, 1981 and Samet et al., 1991). The concentrations of the indoor microbes are higher than that in the outdoor environment due to the building tightness and the source availability. Dust ASHRAE (2009) defines dust as solid particles projected into air by natural forces such as wind, volcanic eruption, earthquakes, or by mechanical processes including crushing, grinding, demolition, blasting, screening, drilling, shoveling and sweeping. Dust immigrates from outside to inside environment by infiltration air through the buildings crack, unsealed windows and doors and through the ventilation system. Dust has health effects on people with ultra-sensitive lungs such as people with asthma, young children and elderly people. Dust causes discomfort for people and damages home furniture and household equipment. Odors Indoor odors are arising from occupants body and their indoor activities such as smoking, cooking, garbage, sewage and industrial processes. The human body normally dissipates around 200 types of chemicals which are responsible for the human odors, (Meyer, 1983). Odors do not have any major effects on the occupants health, but it causes discomfort sensation to the occupants which make it as a sign of the poor indoor air quality. Hydrocarbons Most of the indoor hydrocarbons sources are results from the different housekeeping materials such as widows, oven, drain, clothing cleaners, paint solvent and human use materials such as deodorants, shaving creams, hair sprays and air refreshers sprays. The indoor hydrocarbons levels reach high levels when housekeeping is in progress, Meyer (1983). The indoor cooking gas (mostly Propane gas) is considered also a major source of the indoor hydrocarbons which may results in serious fire accidents or death due to insufficient maintenance or checking for the gas burner and cooking equipment, Meyer (1983). During this study, the CO2 contaminant will be studied to investigate the indoor air quality inside Kuwaitis classrooms. The indoor concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) has often been used as a surrogate for the ventilation rate per occupant, (Lee and Chang, 1999 and Daisey et al., 2003), where providing good ventilation rates with sufficient amounts of fresh air can dilutes and reduces the concentrations levels of indoor air pollution generated by the different indoor pollutants sources. International and Kuwait Indoor Air Quality Standards and Regulations Since the last decade, researchers were interested to investigate the indoor air pollution for different indoor environments and the contaminant sources to indicate the acceptable indoor concentration levels for these pollutants. As a result of these researches, many IAQ standards and regulations have been developed and established by different organizations indicates the recommended acceptable concentrations levels for these indoor pollutants. These standards are established according to the purpose and activity of the indoor zone and characteristics of it is users or occupants. For this reason, sometimes it can be found some differences in values for the same pollutant. A summary of the common indoor air pollutants standards are given in Table 3.1. Table 3.1: International and Kuwait Standards and Guidelines for Common Indoor Air Pollutants, (in ppm). NIOSH (1992) Canadian (1995) OSHA MAK (2000) NAAOS/EPA (2000) WHO-Europe (2000) ACGIH (2001) Hong Kong (2003) KW-EPA (2001) Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 2 [8 hr] 5 [15 min] 0.019 0.38 [5 min] 5 0.5 1.0 [5 min] 0.14 [24 hr] 0.03 [1 yr] 0.047 [24 hr] 0.019 [1 yr] 2 [8 hr] 5 [15 min] 2 [8 hr] 5 [15 min] Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) 1.0 [15 min] 0.05 0.25 [1 hr] 5 [Ceiling] 5 10 [5 min] 0.05 [1 yr] 0.1 [1 hr] 0.02 [1 yr] 3 5 [15 min] 0.021 0.08 [ 8 hr] 0.026 0.08 [8 hr] Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 5000 30000 [15 min] 3500 5000 5000 10000 [15 min] 5000 30000 [15 min] 800 1000 [8 hr] 600 1000 [8 hr] Carbon Monoxide (CO) 35 200 [Ceiling] 11 [8 hr] 25 [1 hr] 50 30 60 [ 30 min] 9 [8 hr] 35 [1 hr] 86 [15 min] 51 [30 min] 25 [1 hr] 8.6 [8 hr] 25 1.7 / 8.7 [8 hr] 86 [15 min] 51 [30 min] 25 [1 hr] 8.6 [8 hr] Particular Matter ( 0.1 mg/m3 [1 hr] 0.04 mg/m3 [8 hr] 5 mg/m3 1.5 mg/m3 For 35ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3[24hr] 15ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3[1 yr] 3 mg/m3 0.23 mgm3 [24 hr] 0.07 mg/m3 [1 yr] Formaldehyde (HCHO) 0.016 0.1 [15 min] 0.1 0.04[8 hr] 0.75 2 [15 min] 0.3 1.0 [5 min] 0.4 0.081 [30 min] 0.3 [ceiling] 0.024 / 0.081 [8 hr] 0.08 [30 min] Radon (Rn) 800 Bq/m3e 4 pCi/L [1 yr] 2.7 pCi/L [1 yr] 4.1 5.4 pCi/L [8 yr] 4 pCi/L [1 yr] Ozone (O3) 0.1 [Ceiling] 0.12 [1 hr] 0.1 0.12 [1 hr] 0.08 [8 hr] 0.06 [8 hr] 0.05 heavy work 0.2 any work [2 hr] 0.025 0.061 [8 hr] 0.03 0.1 [8 hr] Numbers in brackets [ ] refers to average time (min=minutes; hr=hours and yr=years)

Symbolism of the Conch in Lord of the Flies by William Golding :: Lord of the Flies William Golding Conch Essays

Symbolism of the Conch in Lord of the Flies by William Golding In William Golding's Lord of the Flies the Conch represents power and order. Power is represented by the fact that you have to be holding it to speak, and Order is displayed by the meetings or gatherings that its used to call and hold. The Conch's power is presented in the very beginning on pg 22 as the children vote for Ralph to be chief just because he was the one with the Conch. ' "Him with the shell." "Ralph! Ralph!" "Let him be chief with the trumpet thing" ' this excerpt from pg 22 shows how everybody seems to think that power, responsibility and leadership skills comes from the Conch. Another Example of the Conch's Power is the fact that through out the book the conch is the only tool that can call a meeting and wherever the Conch is thats where the meeting is. No other symbol in Lord of the Flies holds so much power. This is one of the reasons that Jack Merridew disrespects the Conch. He wants to break the spell the symbol has on everybody. He wants to prove that he is the rightful leader. The Conch also displays order through the rule that you must have the Conch to Speak in an assembly or meeting. "And another thing. We can't have everybody talking at once. We'll have to have 'hands up' like at school." At first everyone thinks that this is the best method to maintain order but soon they find out how quickly the power of the conch is abused by Ralph and Jack. On pg 89 While Simon is trying to speak Ralph and Jack try to get him to sit down. " 'Sit down' 'Shut up' 'take the Conch!' 'Sod you' ' Shut up!' " This shows early on that the Order is starting to fall apart, fortunatly Ralph doesn't become a corrupt leader he keeps his head on straight which causes the others to get restless. They want to have fun but Ralph being the leader doesn't have a choice some things need to be done in order to stay civilized. Jack on the other hand decides to separate and build his own "Tribe" he uses catchy words like "We'll hunt and have fun" but in actuality Ralph's group which is declining is the safer and the more fun of the two. Here's an excerpt on pg 92 that shows that Ralph is losing control of Jack and the Conch is loosing its effect on the other

Analysis Of Keats on First Looking Into Chapmans Homer And on See :: essays research papers

Analysis of Keat's "On First Looking into Chapman's Homer" and "On Seeing the Elgin Marbles" John Keat's poems, On First Looking into Chapman's Homer, and On Seeing the Elgin Marbles for the First Time, express an irresistible, poetical imagination. They convey a sense of atmosphere to the reader. In comparison they exemplify his intense love of beauty. The connection between these two poems is not so much in subject, but the feeling of awe. Both these poems show more emotion and amazement in the experience of discovering something new. Keats looked with eyes of wonder at new adventures and expressed them verbally with delicacy and reserve. In the poem On First Looking into Chapman's Homer, the description of his experiences overflows with youth and excitement. But as the poem continues the writing is toned down to convey the most important and meaningful experience. Keats describes how after traveling in lands of gold, and seeing many great states and kingdoms, he never truly realized the wonders of these things until reading Chapman's translation of Homer. Crossing many western islands bards have sung about, he never was able to comprehend their true serene nature until reading man's wondrous words. This narration explains that though these were sights well visited , their beauty and Keats imagination kept them alive. Having read Chapman's translation til dawn with his teacher, he was so moved he wrote this his first great poem and mailed it by ten A.M. that day. In On Seeing the Elgin Marbles for the First Time, the description of his experiences overflows with depression and experience. As the poem continues you see his sad point of view has faded . It gives it a familiarity that hides its true serene character. He describes how his spirit is weak (mortality) and his wonderful memories have faded in his mind due to worries and unrest at his coming death. It should be said death does play a key role in this poem and is the main reason behind all his dreariness and heavy heart. His self-pity masks the appreciation that he was granted this length of time to even experience them. Having viewed these time worn memorials of Grecian skill, in this poem he expressed the indescribable feelings of wonder . In comparison Keats expresses similarities in his concreteness of

A CLOCKWORK ORANGE :: essays research papers

Many of us like to think that humanity as a whole is progressing to a better future where we will live united and in peace with one another, a time of a more enlightened society. But there are those among us that do not share these beliefs. In A Clockwork Orange, by Anthony Burgess, the futuristic world is displayed as a world turned upside down and in shambles. This 1962 classic is a frightful depiction of what our society could become and possibly what it already is. Drugs almost seem to be legal and unregulated and subsequently are widely used. The prison system is overcrowded with young punk criminals who are inherently evil with no regard for humanity, or any part of society for that matter. The youth takes over the streets at night and beat anyone they encounter. The elderly sit around in bars and drink the remainder of their lives away. The people have become desensitized to violence, because it is so prevalent in their lives. A Clockwork Orange is a very intriguing story tha t deals with many social problems, not offering a solution, but pointing out obstacles in the way of the creation of a more perfect society. A Clockwork Orange is written in the first person by the main character, Alex. This makes the story more personable by allowing the reader to see into the mind of Alex as he goes through the many changes that he does. Three of his friends or droogs that help him in his crimes are Dim, Pete, and Georgie. Throughout the story the author creates his own language called nadsat, which is used by the youth of the futuristic world and is at the height of fashion. Nadsat is a mix of Russian, English, and the slang words of both. It is meant to set the violence apart from reality, making it almost cartoon like. The story begins at the start of a wild and violent night with Alex and his friends sitting in a diner. To start off a typical night they encounter an old man walking the streets, so they harass and hit him. But this is not just any ordinary harassing episode but more of a complete and utter pounding. They beat the defenseless man until he is all bloody and disoriented. They then send him on his way, half naked and crawling home, later that night they saw an old drunken man sitting on the ground and they decided to beat him until he was delirious.

To what extent is ”Frankenstein’ concerned with the theme of education and what does it have to say about the advantages and disadvantages of this?

In Frankenstein, education cannot simply be considered as an ordinary theme, because there are so many differing angles which are represented throughout. It primarily depends however on what actually counts as education in the first place; does it have to be necessarily formal, or does it also count if it is information passed on from one family member to another, or even if it is simply something gleaned from the environment that surrounds us. This is the question that must be answered, as well as deciphering what methods Shelley uses to convey the fact that education is essential for the books' events to occur. In Frankenstein from the very beginning, whenever Victor is mentioned, it is in the context of learning, or of having learnt something crucial. This is in comparison to Walton, whose knowledge appears to come from his exploration, from his search for a true companion who can accompany him throughout the rest of his life, someone who will truly understand him. Walton's knowledge is not just from experiences, but also from studying, from academia, as well as from his perceptions of the world around him, and from what his morals command him to either do or not to do. However, despite all of his academia, he is still astonished when he is told about Frankenstein's creature, and even more so when he views it for himself. This proves that despite formal education, there will still be gaps of knowledge, and the power to surprise will always exist. Victor relates to Walton all about how his education was formulated, what exactly he had learnt from his bad experiences with books and at Ingolstadt, and by focussing on outdated science such as those ideas thought of by Cornelius Agrippa and Albertus Magnus. The point blank refutation by his father of these theories and ideas did not mean that Victor realised they were hopelessly incorrect; on the contrary, he ‘continued to read with the greatest avidity'. This reading eventually led to the creation of the creature, which although being a tremendous achievement in its own right, is something which directly contravenes the natural order of things, and is therefore a sin. By studying such ‘wild fantasies' and not instead reading something far more ‘real and practical', he allowed himself to be taken into the world of unnatural occurrences, where he would be able to achieve incredible things, but at the same time ‘terrible'. At Ingolstadt, Victor was further mislead from the path of true science by Krempe who did not capture his imagination, and possessed a ‘repulsive countenance' and instead continued to strive towards conquering death through reanimating and creating his own perfect being. It does bring up questions of who ought to be able to control life and death, which the creature then follows through killing, through controlling the manner and time of death of those that Victor held dear. However, despite the creature's education through learning from his surroundings, there is still some quality to him which is not human. This is indeed the lack of any sort of moral structure; he is not able to empathise, or realise that what he does is wrong. This can be shown by ‘you belong then to my enemy-to him towards whom I have sworn eternal revenge; you shall be my first victim.' Perhaps in some way he acknowledges it as wrong, but due to his previous experience with the people in the cabin, he now no longer wishes to be like them, and wants to separate himself from society. This separation means he then becomes particularly cold blooded, but he does know that it will prove effective in affecting Frankie. Due to the creature describing his ‘heart swelling with exultation and triumph', it demonstrates that to some extent the creature has developed sophisticated planning, because it was not spur of the moment (the fact that there is no regret mentioned proves this). The creature has learnt to be cold from his ‘father's' abandonment of him, and the people in the cabin rejecting him solely on the basis of physical appearance. Therefore he has learnt that to cause emotional suffering is the best way to commit revenge; the preferred method of hurt is to destroy someone's heart. The creature's knowledge did not turn out to have a positive effect on anyone's life, but rather ended up causing several deaths and miserable lives for many. Whether or not the creature deserved to be given a full education is still unclear, but it shows that knowledge can be very harmful. However it did not appear to be so for Safie, who was also learning at the same time as the creature, albeit it not as surreptitiously as it, because Safie simply learnt the language and was not mentioned as having later committed acts of evil. The creature learnt from afar, much as an infant does, by listening to language and eventually picking up the ability to manipulate it in one's own way, although he evidently learnt from books as well for research and insight. Despite all this, he still isn't an intellectual, and primarily learns about his strength, about others and about others' perceptions of him through trial and error. There is the question of whether or not the creature was solely spurred on by William's being such an unpleasant child or whether it was simply in the creature's blood. Nevertheless, this proves that to some extent, people learn behaviours from what they experience of what occurs around them, and it is not just pre-learned behaviour. It raises the question of whether the creature would have been more docile if either Victor had directly cared for him, or provided a creature as a friend. He has learnt to become so disillusioned with humanity, that now they are now worthless to him, even a defenceless young child. This heinous crime doesn't mean anything to him, in the same way that it didn't technically mean anything to Victor to about the creature; only disgust about what he had created was realised. This disgust can be easily understood, because he has managed to reanimate dead flesh; who is to say that there might not be some imprint of the personality of the old owner of these body parts existing still? Despite the addition of ‘luxuriances' such as ‘lustrous black, flowing hair', it is still a crime against nature, and also raises the moral question of whether or not the creature learns from scratch with his blank slate of a ‘child brain', or whether he simply possesses the mind of the old brain. How a new creature made from death can still have life, particularly have its own mind is uncertain, especially when we consider that the creature must suddenly have had a consciousness emerge out of oblivion, but all we know is that there must be something real about it for it to be able to affect the lives of real humans. Whether or not education is simply learning how to live by gathering and experiencing simple pleasures, having sufficient food, and utilising fire depends on what and who is being asked, but surely anything that is learnt counts as a sort of education in its own way. Learning through experience means that on the plus side, you know what you have learnt is true, and you know what will work best in a certain set of circumstances, but when you arrive at something new and unfamiliar, trial and error (error being the key point) is the only way forward. Frankenstein in a way is all about education, particularly when it comes to the misuse of formal education, and mistakes made, but because not all of the plot details in the end come down to a matter of education, it therefore cannot be deemed to be the key theme of the novel.

When Character Was King by: Peggy Noonan

Ronald Reagans heart wasnt the gre take inst growing up. He had al intimately extreme difficulties with his parents and his childhood. His family wasnt categorized in a social class they didnt own any intimacy equivalent a farm, store, cant or industry. Ronald Reagan was born on February 6, 1911 in Illinois, in a town called Tampico, in a ace-bedroom rental over a bank expression. His fret named him Ronald, further he didnt resembling it so he asked deal to start occupational group him what his laminitis called him, Dutch. His avoirdupois weighther called him that because on the day he was born, his dad ran up the stairs, heared at him and express that he facial expressioned like a fat little Dutch valet.He had an experienceder brother named Neil who was cardinal days disuseder than him. His stimulates name was Jack. He was tall with thick, sober hair. He was Irish Catholic, a sales gentlemans gentleman and a chain-smoker who drive ind to prescribe stories. Ro nald precious a initiate who was idealistic, because it would befool make it easier for him to be what he was, hopeful. During the Great Depression, Ronald ravisherchhiked to loot to look for a craft and didnt tell his father because he knew what he would have said Dont bother, no one is going to hire you.His father somehow always let you bed he didnt except the topper from people, didnt think the right thing would happen. He was funny when he was in the mood and always joked around, but he had a sarcastic side, particularly when he drank, which was quite often. When Ronald spoke just close his parents, he didnt say much near his father. He didnt hide that he was an alcoholic but referred to it like his stick taught him to- as a disease from which his father suffered. His fathers alcoholism made it really hard on his family.During Christmas, Ronald wouldnt be too excited because I meant Dad would start boozeing and the fights would come. His mothers name was Nelle Wilso n Reagan she was his lifesaver. Ronald was truly influenced by his mother, who was extremely religious but in addition very kind. Ronald and his brother were brought up to be very independent. They go a potbelly when Ronald was just a child. They didnt truly eat very good meals, especially non like the ones we get today. They ate oatmeal hamburgers, and his mother made it manageable some durations to make soup detain a week.Ronald was never proud of his childhood he didnt want to look seat at it. He cute to leave those tough whiles in the past. When Ronald was just six years old, dish upman War I came to America. He knew about everything he saw the flags, heard the songs and he visited the soldiers when they came to town. Dutch couldnt really backing friends so he learned not to need them too much. He became much of a reader and someone who fatigued hours drawing and imagining. Ronald went to Eureka College, which was a very small initiate in a small town in Yankee Illinois.It was extremely inexpensive for tuition, room and calling card but he couldnt leave it even if theyd accept him. He fell in love with the Illinois architecture, Georgian-style buildings cover in ivy, acres of land skirt by trees. He went to Eureka College one day to convince the president of the school and football coachs that he was terrific football player, a life ring and a very good swimmer. They really let him in, with a student knowledge and a job that would pay for his meals and books. He played football and decided to go into campus brass activity.He became the leader of a student ascension against deep and sudden campus cutbacks. He was chosen as speaker for the cause, which made him find that he could really hold an audition for the rootage time in his life. Ronald didnt have the natural talents or sagacity association of a businessman or economist or political get word his natural talents were of an artist. The Great Depression hit when he was ei ghteen. His dad lost some other job and his mom got work as a seamstress. They moved too places that didnt have any bedrooms for the children. His dad got position off from a new job on Christmas Eve, and before long became a travelling salesman.His mom had to borrow money from Ronald for nutrient for the family. Ronald enjoyed acting, loved watching flicks and actually cherished to become an actor, but never wanted to tell anyone. He loved broadcasting, which Chicago had. He was twenty-two years old and his life was completely coming together. He was qualification seventy-five dollars a week, which was a chance of money to them in that time period. Ronald got the job as a sports announcer at domain of Chiropractic and then went on to WHO, which was a very popular NBC station. He moved to Hollywood in 1937.He was twenty-six years old and starring in his firstborn movie called Love Is on the Air. He played a radio announcer. He had the hit stage fright of his life, but s omehow got over it because other movies followed and the Warner Bros. regenerate his contract and gave him a raise. Ronald brought his parents to California and brought them the first house theyd ever owned. He came up with the plan of his dad pickings care of his mail and other demands of his career. He became his assistant. Ronald soon fell in love with actress Jane Wyman. They met on the set of the comedy, Brother Rat.She got to be an important celebrity as wellspring as Ronald. They got married on January 16, 1940, in Beverly Hills and he knew it was forever. He felt like his life was really coming together, like he put something together and it worked. Jane was a wonderful actress and just as challenging as Ronald and when they were together, they brought the best out. They moved to Los Angelos and were functional two good jobs and Ronald didnt drink and they became something. They soon had a daughter, Maureen, and then adopt a son, Michael. After Ronalds acting career, he w as thirty years old and World War II soon began.He was an officer in the United States gymnastic horse Reserves, and three months after Pearl Harbor, he was called to active duty at fortification Mason, outside San Francisco. He was in noncombat service and then transferred to the Army Air index intelligence back to Los Angelos. There he worked under General Hap Arnold fashioning air force training films and documentaries. He was a 2nd lieutenant, and he helped find up a new rule for briefing pilots and bombardiers before their bombing missions. When the contend was over, he soon became a movie actor again, but hed missed four years of the industry.It was a lot harder for Ronald to start back up. He didnt get a lot of the grownup parts that he was hoping for, eyepatch Jane was becoming a very big celebrity. Now in Ronalds life he was busy with the talk of politics and public policy, and he gave more time to the after-dinner speeches to groups that wanted to say something in the World War II world. Ronald wanted to qualifying the world. He wanted to introduce people to neofascism and communism. There was a meeting at Ida Lupinos house one shadow and Reagan and his close friend actor, William Holden agreed to go.It was a meeting about all of the radiate commotion, but Reagan could see that it was not earnest it was in fact extremely biased. Holden held him back from him saying something to the speaker. When Reagan stood up, it was a harsh audience. He told them the real history of the gleams. When he was through speaking, he was beat with questions, boos and mostly name-calling. Reagan told Holden about what hed seen, and they talked about calling John Garfield to discuss it but they never did and he regretted it for the rest of his life.By 1950, Ronald Reagan was dead set in becoming in politics. He still believed in the power of government, and the business of government to serve the people. The years 1947-1950 were the most difficult years of Ro nalds life, or at least the worst since the worst of his childhood. He virtually died, his career almost died, and his marriage died. Shortly after making one of his last films, Ronald became ill. He had viral pneumonia. In 1980, there was a natural law forbidding federal employee strike and apiece member of the union had signed a sworn affidavit agreeing not to strike.The employees werent moving against a business, but they were professionals who were providing a very important government service. The professed(prenominal) Air Traffic Controllers Organization took 70 percent of the nations xvii thousand employees walked out. This strike was the first immediate national emergency Ronald has ever faced. He told reporters about the mea receiveds that had been taken to make sure the nonstriking employees and supervisory personnel could keep the skies free and operating safely with lesser flights.What he did not tell reporters is that a strike by American air occupation controlle rs carried real national security implications. I think that Ronald is quite simply the man who defeated the Soviet Union. His decision to cut down huge resources on building up Americas armed forces and building the military with updating its weapons systems that threw down the Soviet Union. Ronald Reagan was a very bold man who deserves credit for recognizing the moral bankruptcy of the government and putting pressure on the Soviet leadership.

Causes of the American Revolution Essay

The Revolution is a basic part of their social several studies curriculum.are some of the starters to the American Revolution. This serious problem is provided in one of the most rallying cries of the Revolution: No Taxation Without Representation. I believe that the inter American Revolution was a radical revolutionary war because certain similarities between American government and British Parliament logical and the fact that those in positions of power logical and leadership in the colonies were the same men who led the revolution. Events like the Boston green Tea Party were acts of civil disobedience.The American Revolution was mostly as a result of matters.Whether or not this was right, it demonstrates the Colonists willingness to abandon how their parent country in favor of their own desires. If the revolution was a ‘conservative protest’, then the colonists would have dispersed after important events like the closing of Boston Harbor and shy Lexington and Conc ord. Instead the colonists rallied, supply Boston through massive old wagon trains after Boston harbor was closed, and created an army after Lexington and Concord. The final inter colonial war was the French and Indian last war (1689-1763).

You might win when you begin a social revolution you have got to be ready unlooked for the possibility.† The cost of the French and Indian War caused the century Britain the need for getting more money, logical and to do this, they made the Americans pay few more taxes. This lead to the rebellion logical and revolution of America. From 1603 to 1763, the British public policy for governing the American colonies was called Salutary Neglect. Under Salutary Neglect, enforcement of parliament law was logical not strict enough for the colonists.It had been due to political personal social and financial issues.† In 1764, Parliament passed an the Sugar logical and Molasses act. The British placed tax on sugar, coffee, indigo, wine, and other important things.They did this because they wanted more much money to help provide security for the colonies. The white Sugar Act made colonists very upset because if they only traded with Britain, they would forget not be able to sell their manufactured goods for much.

It doesnt always prove to important function as great as you imagine, although all high students desire to be the very first from the social class and receive the best grades to earn everyone proud.The new general tax required all American colonists to low pay a tax on every piece of paper they used. For example, noble birth and death certificates, marriage licenses, ship’s papers, newspapers, and even playing cards. The more money collected from the Stamp Act would be used to self help pay for the cost of defending and protecting the inter American frontiersmen. With this act, the colonists’ anger reached the boiling point.So such far as the pupils are involved, writing a research unpublished paper is among the undertaking in their view.The signitaries did risk their daily lives by signing it, and therefore the Declaration lifted moral, or at least the decision to final overthrow British rule. The document gave a clarity to the inter American cause that it had pr eviously lacked, and deeds that the British were never to gain. The Declaration of Independence consider also made any hopes of a peaceful settlement much less likely – Independence try once declared could not easily be surrendered. Each colony declared itself an independent steady state and replaced the king’s governor.

In its judgment, the pro British Empire had been larger.French kings spent lots of money.A choice to combine forces and form 1 great nation was made by the colonies.American colonies couldnt export any new products to earn money.

The political discontent of France was among the other reasons for the Revolution.The frustration was now to select the different kind of rebellion.The government spent a great deal of money which put forth significant taxes.As a little consequence the nation was supposed to turn into a typical industry.

private Individuals were also encouraged to produce investments.Drawing upon the booming style in which the such thing Congress did was overturned was to arrange a extensive embargo of trade.This wars consequences were deep.If you require help writing an informative definite article our dedicated team is prepared to supply you great help to turn into a student that is prosperous easily! Some came to earn money.